12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. ResultsĪ total of 110 studies were identified through the database search. Two independent reviewers assessed all search results to identify eligible studies and to assess their methodological quality. Intervention studies of any design investigating the effects of foot orthoses were included, apart from case studies. MethodsĪ computerized search was conducted in August 2021, using the databases PubMed, Scopus, Pedro, Cochrane Library, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence of foot orthoses for adults with flatfoot. However, the evidence for the provision of foot orthoses is inconsistent. Foot orthoses are prescribed for various foot complaints. The standard conservative treatment for flatfoot deformity is exercise therapy or treatment with foot orthoses. Furthermore, flatfoot leads to a variety of musculoskeletal symptoms in the lower extremity, such as knee or hip pain. Flatfoot is characterised by the falling of the medial longitudinal arch, eversion of the hindfoot and abduction of the loaded forefoot.
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